Trapping cold atoms using surface-grown carbon nanotubes

We present a feasibility study for loading cold atomic clouds into magnetic traps created by single-wall carbon nanotubes grown directly onto dielectric surfaces. We show that atoms may be captured for experimentally sustainable nanotube currents, generating trapped clouds whose densities and lifetimes are sufficient to enable detection by simple imaging methods. This opens the way for a novel type of conductor to be used in atomchips, enabling atom trapping at sub-micron distances, with implications for both fundamental studies and for technological applications

Magnetic-film atom chip with 10 μ\mum period lattices of microtraps for quantum information science with Rydberg atoms

We describe the fabrication and construction of a setup for creating lattices of magnetic microtraps for ultracold atoms on an atom chip. The lattice is defined by lithographic patterning of a permanent magnetic film. Patterned magnetic-film atom chips enable a large variety of trapping geometries over a wide range of length scales. We demonstrate an atom chip with a lattice constant of 10 $\mu$m, suitable for experiments in quantum information science employing the interaction between atoms in highly-excited Rydberg energy levels. The active trapping region contains lattice regions with square and hexagonal symmetry, with the two regions joined at an interface. A structure of macroscopic wires, cut out of a silver foil, was mounted under the atom chip in order to load ultracold $^{87}$Rb atoms into the microtraps. We demonstrate loading of atoms into the square and hexagonal lattice sections simultaneously and show resolved imaging of individual lattice sites. Magnetic-film lattices on atom chips provide a versatile platform for experiments with ultracold atoms, in particular for quantum information science and quantum simulation.Comment: 7 pages, 7 figure

Medición y análisis de la impedancia en PLC de banda angosta en un ambiente universitario

Narrowband powerline communication systems are widely used in many applications, such as smart metering devices, home automation and low-speed command and control systems. However, power lines were not designed for data transmission and they represent a harsh environment for communication. In the specific bibliography, it is possible to find studies that show the diverse issues of Narrowband Powerline Communication, being the impedance of the grid one of them. The main objective of the present work is to provide a study on the impedance of the grid over this communication band. This study was done in a University environment which has a diverse number of unknown loads, considering the variation with time and location. The data acquisition system developed to conduct the study is shown. The analysis of the results shows that the local grid exhibits issues as least as severe as the ones presented by other authors in different countries and environments.Los sistemas de comunicación por la red eléctrica de banda angosta son ampliamente utilizados en aplicaciones como medidores inteligentes, automatización de hogares, y sistemas de control y comando de baja velocidad, entre otras. Sin embargo, las redes eléctricas no fueron diseñadas para transmitir datos y representan un ambiente hostil para las comunicaciones. En la bibliografía específica se encuentran estudios que evidencian las diversas problemáticas de las comunicaciones por la red eléctrica de banda angosta, siendo la impedancia una de las más importantes. El principal objetivo de este trabajo es proveer un estudio de la impedancia de la red eléctrica para esta banda de comunicación. Este estudio fue realizado en un ambiente Universitario que contiene un número diverso de cargas desconocidas, considerando las variaciones con respecto al tiempo y la ubicación. Se describe el sistema de adquisición desarrollado a medida para hacer el relevamiento. El análisis de los resultados muestra que la impedancia de la red presenta problemas para la comunicación PLC al menos tan severos como los relevados en otros estudios realizados en diferentes países y entornos

Stability study of thymoquinone, carvacrol and thymol using HPLC-UV and LC-ESI-MS

The aim of this study was to investigate the stability of three major antioxidants of Nigella sativa: thymoquinone (TQ), carvacrol (CR) and thymol (THY), under different stress conditions using HPLC and LC-MS/MS. Forced degradation for each compound was performed under different conditions, including oxidation, hydrolysis, photolysis and thermal decomposition. The results showed that both CR and THY were stable under the studied conditions, whereas TQ was not affected by acidic, basic and oxidative forced conditions but the effect of light and heat was significant. The degradation products of TQ were further investigated and characterized by LC-MS/MS. HPLC-UV method has been fully validated in terms of linearity and range, the limit of detection and quantitation, precision, selectivity, accuracy and robustness. The method was successfully applied to quantitative analysis of the principal antioxidants of Nigella sativa TQ, CR and THY in different phytopharmaceuticals

Particle production in string cosmology models

We compute spectra of particles produced during a dilaton-driven kinetic inflation phase within string cosmology models. The resulting spectra depend on the parameters of the model and on the type of particle and are quite varied, some increasing and some decreasing with frequency. We use an approximation scheme in which all spectra can be expressed in a nice symmetric form, perhaps hinting at a deeper symmetry of the underlying physics. Our results may serve as a starting point for detailed studies of relic abundances, dark matter candidates, and possible sources of large scale anisotropy.Comment: 20 pages, no figures, latex, RevTe

(Design Criteria for Silicone Rubber Insulators (Composite Insulator

Insulators are used to perform both the electrical and mechanical functions. As such the design of such materials should be made such that the insulators can perform the functions optimally without failing or break. Insulators are used to provide mechanical support as well as prevent the flow of electricity that is not required for the transmission of high voltage electricity. This research paper aims to discuss the design criteria for silicone rubber insulators. The method used in the study involved includes the review of literature from various sources regarding design standards for silicone rubber insulators. The results indicate the electrical and mechanical integrity are some of the most important aspects of insulators.  The composite insulators can thus be affected by elements such as chemicals, temperature, sunlight and humidity. The results of the study can be used to design successfully, construct and install reliable composite insulators to be used in high voltage electricity transmission lines.&nbsp

Growth of male and female Araucaria araucana trees respond differently to regional mast events, creating sex-specific patterns in their tree-ring chronologies

Araucaria araucana is a dioecious evergreen conifer endemic from temperate forests of south Argentina and Chile. It is a long-lived species (maximum age > 1000 years), and it presents a high potential for tree-ring based climate reconstructions. However, the species’ dioecious habit can result in distinct sex-specific growth patterns, which introduce novel challenges in the interpretation of tree-ring chronology variations. We used a network of 10 tree-ring chronologies from northwest Patagonia (Argentina) to analyze sex-specific growth patterns in A. araucana and, for the first time, demonstrate that they result from the contrasting responses of ring width index of male (RWImale) and female (RWIfemale) trees to regional mast events (years with high seed production). During the year of seed maturation and seed dispersal, the growth of females was strongly and significantly reduced, while a growth response of similar magnitude was found in male trees in the previous year, corresponding to the year of pollination. We interpret these growth responses as representing contrasting allocation shifts between growth and reproduction in males and females. The sex-specific growth responses associated with mast events resulted in a particularly strong and distinct signal in a RWImale–RWIfemale chronology. Male and female tree-ring chronologies shared a strong common signal, and responded similarly (but not exactly) to broad-scale climatic conditions in the growing season. Our results indicate that sex-specific tree-ring chronologies can be used to isolate mast events in A. araucana chronologies, providing an opportunity to develop unique multi-century reconstructions of large mast events, and improve dendroclimatic calibration for this species.Fil: Hadad, Martín Ariel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - San Juan. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera. Universidad Nacional de San Juan. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas Físicas y Naturales. Centro de Investigaciones de la Geosfera y Biosfera; ArgentinaFil: Roig Junent, Fidel Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; Argentina. Universidad Mayor; ChileFil: Arco Molina, Julieta Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Provincia de Mendoza. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales. Universidad Nacional de Cuyo. Instituto Argentino de Nivología, Glaciología y Ciencias Ambientales; ArgentinaFil: Hacket Pain, Andrew. University of Liverpool; Reino Unid

Depuración del efluente de una empresa metalúrgica utilizando un wetland construido

Los humedales o wetlands han demostrado ser altamente eficientes en la remoción de contaminantes, son de bajo costo de instalación y mantenimiento, operables por mano de obra no especializada e integrables funcionalmente con el entorno. El objetivo de este trabajo fue evaluar la eficiencia de un wetland construido para la depuración en forma conjunta del efluente industrial y el cloacal de una industria metalúrgica. Las dimensiones del mismo son de 50 m de largo por 40 m de ancho y profundidad de 80 cm, con un tabique central de manera que la relación largo-ancho sea 5:1. Está impermeabilizado con bentonita, y las plantas se arraigan sobre una capa de 1 m de suelo. Se transplantaron macrófitas de la zona del Río Paraná Medio: Eichhornia crassipes (jacinto de agua), Typha domingensis (totora) y Pontederia cordata (aguapey), entre otras. La eficiencia del humedal se determinó analizando la composición química del efluente a la entrada y salida. En sedimentos y vegetales se determinó P, Cr, Ni y Zn. El muestreo se realizó quincenalmente durante 2 años. El wetland eficientemente disminuyó las concentraciones medias y la variabilidad de los parámetros analizados, salvo en el caso de fosfato y amonio debido a la anoxia. Las remociones medias fueron de 86% para Cr, 67% para Ni, 95% para Fe, 70% para nitrato, 60% para nitrito, 78% para DQO, 77% para DBO. Las concentraciones de Zn en el afluente estuvieron por debajo de los 50 μg.l-1 en la mayoría de los muestreos. La concentración de metales no aumentó significativamente en el sedimento de fondo después de 2 años de operación. Un aumento en la concentración de metales y nutrientes en los tejidos de las macrófitas, así como también el aumento de la biomasa, representó el principal mecanismo de remoción de contaminantes. La ventaja de las macrófitas es la posibilidad de ser cosechadas, lo que conduce a importantes tasas de remoción en corto tiempo. La superficie del wetland se cubrió en un 80% de E. crassipes, lo que probablemente contribuyó a la disminución de oxígeno en agua. Disminuir el nivel de agua contribuiría a favorecer la dominancia de las macrófitas enraizadas y a aumentar la concentración de oxígeno en agua. La calidad del efluente se mejoró diseñándose la salida del mismo a nivel superficial.Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Muse

Distinct Binding and Immunogenic Properties of the Gonococcal Homologue of Meningococcal Factor H Binding Protein

Neisseria meningitidis is a leading cause of sepsis and meningitis. The bacterium recruits factor H (fH), a negative regulator of the complement system, to its surface via fH binding protein (fHbp), providing a mechanism to avoid complement-mediated killing. fHbp is an important antigen that elicits protective immunity against the meningococcus and has been divided into three different variant groups, V1, V2 and V3, or families A and B. However, immunisation with fHbp V1 does not result in cross-protection against V2 and V3 and vice versa. Furthermore, high affinity binding of fH could impair immune responses against fHbp. Here, we investigate a homologue of fHbp in Neisseria gonorrhoeae, designated as Gonococcal homologue of fHbp (Ghfp) which we show is a promising vaccine candidate for N. meningitidis. We demonstrate that Gfhp is not expressed on the surface of the gonococcus and, despite its high level of identity with fHbp, does not bind fH. Substitution of only two amino acids in Ghfp is sufficient to confer fH binding, while the corresponding residues in V3 fHbp are essential for high affinity fH binding. Furthermore, immune responses against Ghfp recognise V1, V2 and V3 fHbps expressed by a range of clinical isolates, and have serum bactericidal activity against N. meningitidis expressing fHbps from all variant groups